Влияние глифосата и пробиотика на микробиом цыплят-бройлеров

The Effects of Glyphosate and Probiotic on Cecal Microbiota in Broilers.
Georgy Y. Laptev, Darya G. Tuirina, Elena P. Gorfunkel, Elena A. Yildyrym, Larisa A. Ilyina, Valentina A. Filippova, Andrey V. Dubrovin, Evgeny A. Brazhnik, Natalya I. Novikova, Timur P. Dunyashev, Veronika Kh. Melikidi, Ksenia A. Kalitkina, Ekaterina S. Ponomareva.
Abstract. The impact of herbicides glyphosates on health status in animals and human via the effects on the composition of their gastrointestinal microbiotas is possibly no less important than their direct physiological impact. In the study involving microbiome-wide new-generation sequencing (NGS) of microbial 16S rRNAs the detrimental effect of dietary glyphosate on cecal microbiota in broilers was found even at concentrations well below the levels permissible for feedstuffs. Broilers (120 birds, cross Ross-308, 1-35 days of age) were allotted to three treatments (40 birds per treatment): control treatment I was fed diets without glyphosate and probiotic; similar diets for treatments II and III were supplemented with glyphosate (20 ppm); diets for treatment III was additionally supplemented with a probiotic based on Bacillus strain GL-8. It was found that dietary glyphosate can increase cecal populations of pathogenic and/or opportunistic species which are probably less sensible or even insensible to glyphosate; e.g. in treatment II the amount of Staphylococcaceae and Enterobacteriaceae were significantly 5.0-fold and 1.5-fold higher, respectively, in compare to control (p<0.05). Supplementation of glyphosate-contaminated diet with the probiotic beneficially affected the biodiversity and amounts of different microbial taxons. In treatment III as compared to treatment II the amounts of different clostridial clusters (Clostridium_III, Clostridium_IV, Clostridium_sensu_stricto Clostridium_XlVa, Clostridium_XlVb, Clostridium_XVIII) were significantly reduced (p<0.05). This effect was presumably related to antimicrobial activity of the probiotic strain and/or to the presence in the latter of genes providing biodestruction of xenobiotics; further investigations
are required to elucidate the exact mechanism.